Eminyakeni yamuva nje, le nkulumo yezinto ezizinzile isithole umfutho ongekho emthethweni, ukufana nokuqwashisa okukhulayo kwemiphumela yemvelo ehambisana namapulasitiki ajwayelekile. Izinto ze-bioderhradable zivele njengekhaloni lethemba, elihlanganisa i-ethos yomnotho oyindilinga kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinsizakusebenza zensiza ebhekele.
1.Pha
I-Polyhydroxyalkataates (i-Pha) iyi-viodegradable polymers eyenziwe ngama-microorganisms, ngokujwayelekile amagciwane, ngaphansi kwemibandela ethile. Iqanjwe ama-monomers we-hydroxyalkyanoc acid, i-PHA iyaphawuleka nge-biodegradabilibility yayo, i-resosed sourcing kusuka kushukela wezitshalo, kanye nezinto ezibonakalayo eziguquguqukayo. Ngezicelo ezisukela ekupakisheni kumadivayisi wezokwelapha, i-PA imele enye indlela ethembisayo eco-friendly to plastics evamile, yize zibhekene nezinselelo eziqhubekayo ekusebenzeni kwezindleko nokukhiqizwa okukhulu.
2.Pla
I-Polylactic acid (PLA) iyi-thermoplastic ye-biodergradable ne-biopective thermoplastic etholakala kwizisetshenziswa ezingavuselelwa ezifana nesitashi sommbila noma umoba. Yaziwa ngemvelo yayo esobala ne-crystalline, i-PLA ikhombisa izakhiwo ezi-mehendi ezincomekayo. Kusetshenziswe kabanzi kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi ukupakisha, izindwangu, kanye namadivayisi e-biomedical, i-PLA igujwa ngokuthe xaxa kanye namandla okunciphisa umthelela wezemvelo. Njengenye indlela ememezele amapulasitiki wendabuko, ama-Pla ahlangana nokugcizelelwa okukhulayo ngezinto zokwenziwa ezinobungane emikhakheni ehlukahlukene ye-Industries.Production Process of Polylactic acid akhululekile ekungcoleni futhi umkhiqizo uyi-biodebradable. Ibona umjikelezo ngokwemvelo futhi iyinto eluhlaza e-polymer.
I-3.Cellulose
Cellulose, kuthathwe ezindongeni zamaseli ezitshalo, kuyinto eguquguqukayo ethola ukunakwa embonini yokufaka. Njengomthombo ovuselelekayo futhi omningi, i-cellulose inikeza enye indlela yokuzinza izinto ezijwayelekile zokupakisha. Noma ngabe itholwe kusuka ku-soni upulp, ukotini, noma izinsalela zezolimo, ukufakwa okusekwe kwi-cellulose kuhlinzeka ngezinzuzo eziningana.cellulose-based Packloging i-biodegreeble yemvelo, yehla ngokwemvelo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Amafomu athile nawo angenzelwe ukuba awonakaliswa, afake isandla ekunciphiseni imfucumfucu yemvelo ku-countleather mediation yendalo) ezikhethwe ezingokwesiko zokupakisha, izinketho ezisekwe kwiselula zivame ukuba nesisekelo sekhabhoni esiphansi.
I-4.PPC
I-Polypropylene Carbonate (PPC) iyi-polymer ye-thermoplastic ehlanganisa izakhiwo ze-polypropylene ne-polycarbonate. Kuyinto esekelwe kwi-bio-based ne-bioderhradable impahla, enikeza enye indlela enobungane yemvelo kumapulasitiki wendabuko. I-PPC isuselwa ku-carbon dioxide ne-propelene oxide, okwenza kube inketho evuselelekayo neqhubekayo.I-PPC yenzelwe ukuba yi-biodegradable ngaphansi kwemibandela ethile, ikuvumela ukuba ihlukanise izingxenye zemvelo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ifaka isandla ekunciphiseni umthelela wezemvelo.
5.phb
I-PolyhydroxybyButrate (i-PHB) iyi-polyester esekelwe e-bio ye-bio ye-polyester engowomndeni wePolyhydroxyalkoates (i-Phat). I-PHB ihlelwe ngama-microorganisms ahlukahlukene njengezinto zokugcina amandla. Kuyaphawuleka nge-biodegradeabilibility yayo, i-resocking evuselelekayo, kanye nemvelo ye-thermoplastic, okwenza kube ngumuntu othembisayo ekufunweni kwezinye izindlela ezizinzileyo kumapulasitiki endabuko. I-PHB i-BOODEGDARADADEGRADARAGAble, okusho ukuthi ingaphulwa ama-microorganisms ezindaweni ezahlukene, okufaka isandla ekunciphiseni umthelela wezemvelo uma kuqhathaniswa namaplastiji angewona ama-bioderlineble.
I-6.Starch
Endaweni yokupakisha, isitashi sidlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu njengezinto ezizinzile nezingagcwele. Kuthathwe emithonjeni yezitshalo, ukuhlanganisa isitashi okususelwa etafuleni nomzamo womhlaba wokunciphisa umthelela wezemvelo wezinto zokupakisha.
I-7.pbat
I-PBAT iyi-polymer eyi-bioderhradable ne-compostable yomndeni we-Aliphatic-Aromatic Copolyyers. Le mali eguquguqukayo yenzelwe ukubhekana nezinkinga zemvelo ezihambisana namapulasitiki wendabuko, enikeza enye indlela eqhubekayo. I-PBAT ingasuselwa kwizinsizakusebenza ezivuselelekayo, ezinjengezimbumbulu ezisuselwa ekusekelweni kwezitshalo. Lokhu kuqondanisa okuvuselelekayo okuvuselelekile ngenhloso yokunciphisa ukuncika kwezinsizakusebenza zezinsini. Futhi yakhelwe i-biodegrade ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile zemvelo. Ama-microorganisms aqhekeza i-polymer ibe yi-byproducts yemvelo, efaka isandla ekunciphiseni imfucuza yepulasitiki.
Ukwethulwa kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo ze-bioderhradable kuphawula ukuthi kuguqulwe okubalulekile ekusebenzeni okuqhubekayo ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene. Lezi zinto zokwenziwa, ezithathwe emithonjeni evuselelekayo, zinekhono elibonakalayo lokubola ngokwemvelo, ukunciphisa umthelela wezemvelo. Izibonelo eziphawuleka zifaka ama-polyhydroxyalkyaates (Pha), i-polylactic acid (PLA), ne-polypropylene Carbonate (PPC), ngamunye anikela ngezakhiwo ezihlukile ezifana ne-biodeglability, i-resoing evuselelekayo, kanye nokusebenza ngokuhlukahlukene. Ukwamukela izinto ze-bioderhradable ziqondanisa ne-Global Push ye-Eco-Friendly Alternatives kumapulasitiki wendabuko, ukubhekana nezinkinga ezihlobene nokungcoliswa kwezinsiza kanye nokudangala kwezinsizakusebenza. Lezi zinto zokwakha zithola izinhlelo zokusebenza ekupakisheni, izindwangu, kanye namadivayisi wezokwelapha, okufaka umnotho oyindilinga lapho imikhiqizo yenzelwe khona ukucatshangelwa kokuphela kwempilo. Naphezu kwezinselelo ezifana nokusebenza kwezindleko nokukhiqizwa okukhulu, ucwaningo oluqhubekayo kanye nokuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe kuhlose ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwezinto ezibonakalayo ze-bioderhradable, kukhuthaza ikusasa elizinzile nelinemvelo.
Isikhathi sePosi: Dec-07-2023