Njengoba umnyakazo womhlaba wonke obheke ekusimameni uqina, abathengi abaningi namabhizinisi baphendukela ezixazululweni zokupakisha ezingaboli. Phakathi kwawo, amafilimu angaboli athuthukiswa kabanzi njengezinye izindlela ezilungele imvelo esikhundleni sepulasitiki evamile. Kodwa nansi inkinga: akuwona wonke amafilimu abolayo angavundisi - futhi umehluko ungaphezu nje kwe-semantics. Ukuqonda ukuthi yini eyenza ifilimucompostable ngempelakubalulekile uma ukhathalela iplanethi nokuhambisana.
Ngakho-ke, ungazi kanjani ukuthi ifilimu yakho yokupakisha izobuyela ngokungenabungozi emvelweni noma ihlale ezindaweni zokulahla imfucuza? Impendulo ilele ezitifiketini.
I-Biodegradable vs. Compostable: Uyini Umehluko Wangempela?
Ifilimu Engaboli
Ifilimu ye-Biodegradables, njengaIfilimu ye-PLA, zenziwa ngezinto ezingahlukaniswa amagciwane anjengamagciwane noma isikhunta. Nokho, le nqubo ingathatha iminyaka futhi ingase idinge izimo ezithile zemvelo njengokushisa, umswakama, noma umoya-mpilo. Okubi nakakhulu, amanye amafilimu abizwa ngokuthi angawohloka ashintshe abe ama-microplastics - hhayi nje alungele imvelo.
Ifilimu EliyiCompostable
Amafilimu ane-compostable ahamba phambili. Awagcini nje ngokuwohloka kwemvelo kodwa kufanele akwenze lokho ngaphansi kwezimo zokwenziwa komquba phakathi nesikhathi esinqunyiwe, ngokuvamile izinsuku ezingama-90 kuya kweziyi-180. Okubaluleke nakakhulu, kufanele bahambeazikho izinsalela ezinobuthifuthi ikhiqize amanzi kuphela, i-carbon dioxide, ne-biomass.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko:
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Amafilimu akhiqizwa yizimboni: Idinga ukushisa okuphezulu, izindawo ezilawulwayo.
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Amafilimu akhiwe ekhaya: Hlahlela emigqonyeni yomquba engemuva kwendlu emazingeni okushisa aphansi, njengawoifilimu ye-celllophane.
Kungani Izitifiketi Zibalulekile?
Noma ubani angashaya "i-eco-friendly" noma "i-biodegradable" kulebula yomkhiqizo. Yingakho umuntu wesithathuizitifiketi ze-compostabilityzibaluleke kakhulu - ziqinisekisa ukuthi umkhiqizo uhlangabezana nezindinganiso eziqinile zokuphepha nokusebenza kwemvelo.
Ngaphandle kwesitifiketi, asikho isiqinisekiso sokuthi ifilimu izofaka umquba njengoba kuthenjisiwe. Okubi nakakhulu, imikhiqizo engaqinisekisiwe ingangcolisa izikhungo zokwenza umquba noma idukise abathengi abaqaphela imvelo.
Izitifiketi Ezithenjwayo Zokuqunjelwa Emhlabeni Wonke
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✅I-ASTM D6400 / D6868 (USA)
INdikimba Ebusayo:I-American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)
Isebenza kokuthi:Imikhiqizo nezingubo eziklanyelweukwenza umquba wezimboni(izindawo ezinezinga lokushisa eliphezulu)
Izinto ezivame ukuqinisekiswa:
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Ifilimu ye-PLAs (i-Polylactic Acid)
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I-PBS (i-Polybutylene Succinate)
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Izingxube ezisekelwe isitashi
Imibandela Yokuhlola Ebalulekile:
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Ukuhlakazeka:U-90% wezinto ezisetshenziswayo kufanele zihlukane zibe yizinhlayiya <2mm phakathi kwamasonto ayi-12 endaweni yokwenza umquba wezimboni (≥58°C).
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I-Biodegradation:Ukuguqulwa okungu-90% ku-CO₂ zingakapheli izinsuku eziyi-180.
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Ubuthi be-Eco:Umquba akufanele uvimbe ukukhula kwezitshalo noma izinga lomhlabathi.
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Ukuhlolwa kwe-Heavy Metal:Amazinga omthofu, i-cadmium, nezinye izinsimbi kufanele ahlale ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo ephephile.
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✅I-EN 13432 (Europe)
INdikimba Ebusayo:I-European Committee for Standardization (CEN)
Isebenza kokuthi:Izinto zokupakisha ezivundiswa yizimboni
Izinto ezivame ukuqinisekiswa:
- Amafilimu e-PLA
- I-Cellophane (ene-coating yemvelo)
- I-PHA (Polyhydroxyalkanoates)
Imibandela Yokuhlola Ebalulekile:
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Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali:Ikala izinto eziqinile eziguquguqukayo, izinsimbi ezisindayo, okuqukethwe kwe-fluorine.
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Ukuhlakazeka:Ngaphansi kwe-10% yensalela ngemva kwamasonto angu-12 endaweni yokwenza umquba.
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I-Biodegradation:Ukuwohloka okungu-90% ku-CO₂ phakathi nezinyanga eziyisi-6.
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I-Ecotoxicity:Ihlola umquba ekuhlumeni kwembewu kanye ne-biomass yezitshalo.
- ✅Umquba OLUNGILE/ OKULUNGILE Umquba EKHAYA (TÜV Austria)
Lezi zitifiketi zibhekwa kakhulu e-EU nangale kwayo.
Kulungile Umquba: Ivumeleke ekwenzeni umquba wezimboni.
KULUNGILE I-Compost EKHAYA: Ivumeleke emazingeni okushisa aphansi, ukwenza umquba wasendlini — umehluko ongavamile nobaluleke kakhulu.
- ✅Isitifiketi se-BPI (i-Biodegradable Products Institute, e-USA)
Esinye sezitifiketi eziqashelwa kakhulu eNyakatho Melika. Yakha kumazinga e-ASTM futhi ihlanganisa inqubo eyengeziwe yokubuyekeza ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuvunda kweqiniso.
Umcabango Wokugcina: Ukuthola Isitifiketi Akukona Inketho — Kubalulekile
Noma ngabe ifilimu izisho ukuthi ibolile kangakanani, ngaphandle kwe-isitifiketi esifanele, wukumaketha nje. Uma ungumkhiqizo wokufaka amaphakheji ahlanganiswe ne-compostable - ikakhulukazi ukudla, ukukhiqiza, noma ukudayisa - ukukhetha amafilimueqinisekisiwe ngendawo ezihlosiwe(umquba wezimboni noma wasekhaya) uqinisekisa ukuthobela imithetho, ukwethenjwa kwamakhasimende, kanye nomthelela wangempela kwezemvelo.
Udinga usizo lokuhlonza abahlinzeki befilimu abaqinisekisiwe be-PLA noma i-cellophane? Ngingasiza ngomhlahlandlela wokuthola noma ukuqhathanisa kobuchwepheshe — vele ungazise!
Imikhiqizo Ehlobene
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-04-2025