Yini amapulasitiki ayisebenzisa okukodwa futhi kufanele avinjelwe?
NgoJuni 2021, iKhomishini ikhiphe imihlahlandlela emikhiqizweni esetshenzisiwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izidingo zomyalelo zisetshenziswa kahle futhi zifane zifaniswe kuyo yonke i-EU. Imihlahlandlela icacisa amagama asemqoka asetshenziswe kumyalo futhi ahlinzeke ngezibonelo zemikhiqizo etholakalayo ebiwe ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle kwesilinganiso sayo.
Ekuqaleni kukaJanuwari 2020, iChina yajoyina ukunyakaza okukhulayo kwamazwe angaphezu kwe-120 okuthembela kuvimbela amapulasitiki asetshenziswa ngakunye. Izwe lezakhamizi eziyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-1,4 nguMkhiqizi we-No. 1 wenkutha yepulasitiki emhlabeni. Ikhuphuke amathani ayizigidi ezingama-60 (amathani ama-metric ayizigidi ezingama-54,4) ngonyaka we-2010 asuselwa ngokombiko ngoSepthemba 2018 ngombiko othi "ukungcoliswa kwepulasitiki."
Kepha iChina imemezele ukuthi ihlele ukuyeka ukukhiqizwa nokuthengiswa kwezikhwama ezingezona ezingokoqobo ngasekupheleni kwamadolobha amakhulu (futhi yonke indawo ngo-2022).
I-push to ban plastic ithatha indawo yesikhungo ngonyaka we-2018 ngokuphakanyiswa okukhulu okufana nomkhankaso wokuwina umklomelo # Manje amazwe nezinkampani abathi cha amapulasitiki yi-DEzes, futhi abathengi balandela kanye nabo.
Njengoba ukunyakaza kwe-plastiki-ban kufihla izikhumbuzo ezinkulu - ezinjengesimemezelo sakamuva saseChina - sanquma ukuchaza amabhodlela, izikhwama kanye notshani obangela lokhu kuvuselelwa komhlaba wonke.
Okuqukethwe
Yini ipulasitiki yokusebenzisa eyodwa?
Ipulasitiki ingabakhipha sonke
Asikwazi yini ukusebenzisa kabusha ipulasitiki yokusebenzisa eyodwa?
Yini ipulasitiki yokusebenzisa eyodwa?
Kuliqiniso egameni layo, ipulasitiki esetshenziswayo eyodwa iyipulasitiki eyenzelwe ukusetshenziselwa uma iphonswa noma iphinde isebenze kabusha. Lokhu kufaka phakathi konke kusuka kumabhodlela amanzi ephuthe amanzi futhi ukhiqize izikhwama zokulahla izimbambo zepulasitiki kanye ne-ribbon yepulasitiki - noma iyiphi into yepulasitiki oyisebenzisayo bese ulahle khona ngokushesha. Ngenkathi lezi zinto zingaphinde zisetshenziswe kabusha, i-Megean Weldon ye-Blog kanye ne-Waste-Prevention Shop Zero Waste nerd ithi akunjalo.
"Eqinisweni, izinto ezimbalwa zepulasitiki zingacutshungulwa ngezinto ezintsha nemikhiqizo," kusho yena kwi-imeyili. "Ngokungafani nengilazi ne-aluminium, ipulasitiki ayicutshungulwa entweni efanayo ukuthi kwakuyinto eqoqwe yisikhungo sokuphinda usebenzise kabusha. Ikhwalithi yepulasitiki yehlisiwe, ngakho ekugcineni, futhi ngokungenakugwenywa, lelo ngopulasitiki lisazophela ekugcwalisweni komhlaba. "
Thatha ibhodlela lamanzi epulasitiki. Amabhodlela amaningi athi angaphinde asetshenziswe kabusha - futhi ngokusekelwe kuphela kwi-polyethylene terphthalate (PETY), angaba. Kepha cishe amabhodlela ayisikhombisa angaphandle kwama-10 agcina ekugcwalisweni komhlaba noma aphonswe njengemfucumfucu. Le nkinga inyuke lapho iChina inquma ukuyeka ukwamukela nokuphinda ihlelwe ngopulasitiki ngonyaka we-2018. Omasipala, lokho bekusho ukuthi ukuphindaphindeka kwaba yi-Atlanting, ngokwe-Atlanting, omasipala abaningi manje vele bangenele ukugcwaliswa kwesabelomali ngokusebenza kabusha.
Hlanganisa le ndlela yokugcwaliswa kwepulasitiki yokuqala nokusetshenziswa kwepulasitiki okukhulayo komhlaba wonke - abantu bakhiqiza cishe amabhodlela epulasitiki angama-20,000 ngomzuzwana, ngokusho kwemfucuza ye-Guardian and America kukhule ngamaphesenti angama-4,5 kuye ku-2015 - akumangalisi ukuthi umhlaba uchithekile ngo-2010 kuya ku-2015.
Amapulasitiki asetshenziswa ngakunye
Amapulasitiki asetshenziswa ngakunye afaka izinto eziningi ongase ungazicabangi, njengokototo, izimbambo kanye nezinto ezibonakalayo.
Izithombe zeSergi Escribano / Getty
Ipulasitiki ingabakhipha sonke
Cabanga ukuvimba lonke loluplastiki ludlula? Kunezizathu eziqinile kakhulu zokuthi kungani kunengqondo. Okokuqala, ipulasitiki ekulahlekelweni komhlaba akuhambi nje. Ngokusho kukaWeldon, isikhwama sepulasitiki sithatha iminyaka eyi-10 kuye kwengama-20 ukungcola, ngenkathi ibhodlela lepulasitiki lithatha cishe iminyaka engama-500. Futhi, noma ngabe "uhambile," izinsalela zalo zihlala.
"Ipulasitiki ayikaze iphule phansi noma ihambe; Kuphela izingcezu ezincane nezincane kuphela kuze kube yilapho zinjalo microscopic zingatholakala emoyeni wethu namanzi ethu okuphuza, "uKathryn Kellogg, umbhali kanye nomsunguli wewebhusayithi yokunciphisa imfucuza ehamba imfucuza ye-zero, kusho nge-imeyili.
Ezinye izitolo zokudla zishintshele ezikhwameni zokuthenga zeplastiki zeplastiki njengendlela yokuhlangana nabathengi phakathi, kepha ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi lesi akusona isixazululo sakwa-savvy. Isifundo esisodwa esivela kubacwaningi e-University of Plymouth eNgilandi sihlaziye izikhwama zesitolo sezitolo ezingama-80 ezisetshenziswa ngepulasitiki esetshenziswayo phakathi kweminyaka emithathu. Umgomo wabo? Nquma ukuthi "lezi zikhwama" zinjani ngempela lezi zikhwama. Ukutholwa kwabo kwashicilelwa ejereli Environmental Science & Technology.
Amanzi omhlabathi kanye nolwandle awaholela ekuwohlokeni kwesikhwama. Esikhundleni salokho, izinhlobo ezintathu zezinhlobo ezine zezikhwama ezinama-biodegraable zazisaqinile ngokwanele ukuba zibambe amakhilogremu angama-5 (amakhilogremu angama-2.2) wezitolo (njengoba kwakuyizikhwama ezingezona ze-bioderlineble). Labo abadalulwe elangeni baphule - kepha lokho akubona okuhle. Izinhlayiya ezincane ezisuka ekuwonakalisweni zingasakazeka ngokushesha emvelweni - cabanga umoya, ulwandle noma isisu sezilwane ezilambile ezenza izingcezu zepulasitiki zokudla.
Asikwazi yini ukusebenzisa kabusha ipulasitiki yokusebenzisa eyodwa?
Esinye isizathu amazwe amaningi anqabela amapulasitiki asetshenziswa ngalutho ngoba akufanele asetshenziswe kabusha, naphezu kwezinhloso zethu ezinhle kakhulu. Omasipala abaningi be-Fomego esebenzisa kabusha, kuyalinge ukuthatha izindaba ezandleni zakho ngokusebenzisa kabusha (ngakho-ke "ukubhala kabusha") amabhodlela epulasitiki neziqukathi. Impela, lokhu kungasebenzela izikhwama, kepha ochwepheshe bathi ukuqapha uma kukhulunywa ngamabhodlela epulasitiki noma ezitsheni zokudla. Olunye ucwaningo ngemibono yezempilo yezemvelo lwakhombisa ukuthi wonke amapulasitiki asetshenziswa ezitsheni zokudla namabhodlela epulasitiki angakhipha amakhemikhali ayingozi uma esetshenziswa kaninginingi. (Lokhu kufaka phakathi lokho okushiwo ukuthi kungelula kwe-Bisphenol A [BPA] - amakhemikhali aphikisanayo axhumene nokuphazamiseka kwama-hormonal.)
Ngenkathi abacwaningi besalokhu behlaziya ukuphepha kokuphinda baphinde bapheme ngopulasitiki, ochwepheshe bancoma ingilazi noma insimbi ukugwema amakhemikhali angaba nobungozi. Futhi ngokusho kweWeldon, sekuyisikhathi samukela umsebenzi wokuphinda usebenzise kabusha - kungaba ukotini ukhiqiza izikhwama, ama-sistrow insimbi engagqwali noma imfucuza ephelele ye-zero.
"Okubi kakhulu ngento esetshenziswayo nganoma iyiphi into eyodwa ukuthi sibona okuthile kuze kube yilapho sihlose ukuyilahla," kusho yena. "Isiko elilula likuhle ukwenza lokhu kuziphatha okulimazayo futhi ngenxa yalokho, siveza izigidi zamathani awo njalo ngonyaka owodwa. Uma siguqula i-mindset yethu kulokho esikudlayo, sizokwazi ngokwengeziwe ngepulasitiki elisetshenziswa ngakunye esilisebenzisa nokuthi singakugwema kanjani. "
I-Compostable noma i-Recyclabe Packal?
P.S. contents mostly from Stephanie Vermillion , If there is any offensive feel free to contact with William : williamchan@yitolibrary.com
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Isikhathi Sokuthumela: Oct-10-2023