Yini engalungile ngemihlahlandlela ye-EU SUP? Ukuphikiswa? Isekelwe?

Ukupakisha Okusebenziseka Kabusha - I-HuiZhou YITO Packaging Co., Ltd.

Yini engalungile ngemihlahlandlela ye-EU SUP? Ukuphikiswa? Isekelwe?

Ukufundwa okubalulekile: Ukulawulwa kokungcoliswa kwepulasitiki bekulokhu kunempikiswano, futhi kukhona namazwi ahlukene ngaphakathi kwe-SUP European Union.

Ngokwe-Article 12 ye-Disposable Plastics Directive, i-European Commission kufanele ikhiphe lesi siqondiso ngaphambi kukaJulayi 3, 2021. Ukushicilelwa kwalo mhlahlandlela kubambezeleke cishe unyaka, kodwa awukashintshi noma yimiphi iminqamulajuqu eshiwo kumyalelo.

 
I-Disposable Plastics Directive (EU) 2019/904 ikwenqabela ngokuqondile ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo ethile yepulasitiki elahlwayo, okuhlanganisa:

Amathebula, amapuleti, izinhlanga (ngaphandle kwemishini yezokwelapha), izixube zesiphuzo

Ezinye iziqukathi zokudla ezenziwe nge-polystyrene enwetshiwe

Izitsha zesiphuzo nezinkomishi ezenziwe nge-polystyrene enwetshiwe

Futhi imikhiqizo eyenziwe ngepulasitiki oxidizable futhi eyonakele

Iqala ukusebenza ngoJulayi 3, 2021.

Ingabe amazwe angamalungu ahlukene ayasisekela noma ayasiphikisa lesi siqondiso? Kusenzima ukufinyelela ekuvumelaneni futhi ngisho nokubonisa imibono ehluke ngokuphelele.

 
I-Italy ikuphikisa kakhulu ngoba okuwukuphela kwendlela evunyelwe ukusetshenziswa ipulasitiki egaywe kabusha.

Umyalelo we-European SUP (Disposable Plastics) ube nomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kwemboni yepulasitiki yase-Italy futhi uye wagxekwa izikhulu eziphezulu zase-Italy ngokuvimbela amapulasitiki abolayo futhi ahlanganiswe ne-compostable, i-Italy ehamba phambili kulokhu.

I-Confindustria iphinde yagxeka imihlahlandlela yesicelo se-SUP Directive egunyazwe yiKhomishini YaseYurophu, eyenweba ukuvinjelwa kwemikhiqizo enepulasitiki engaphansi kuka-10%.

I-Ireland iyawusekela umyalelo we-SUP, inciphisa ukuthembela kumapulasitiki alahlwayo futhi igxile ekusetshenzisweni kabusha.

I-Ireland inethemba lokuqondisa ukuqanjwa kabusha kulo mkhakha ngokusebenzisa izikhuthazi zenqubomgomo ezicacile. Lezi ezinye izinyathelo abazozithatha:

 
(1) Qalisa uhlelo lokubuyisela imali yediphozithi

I-Circular Economy Waste Action Plan ithembisa ukwethula uhlelo lwediphozi nokubuyisela imali yamabhodlela epulasitiki namathini esiphuzo e-aluminium ekwindla ka-2022. Impendulo etholwe ekubonisaneni nomphakathi ibonisa ukuthi izakhamuzi zizimisele kakhulu ukuqalisa lolu hlelo ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.

Ukubhekana nodaba lwe-sup akukhona nje ukuvimbela ukumoswa kwemfucuza, kodwa kudinga ukubhekwa kabanzi mayelana noguquko lomnotho oyindilinga, okufanele kubhekwe njengenye yezinyathelo ezibalulekile ezithathwa yiyo yonke imikhakha ukubhekana nokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu.

I-Ireland inethuba elihle lokwamukela nokukhuthaza imikhuba nezenzo zokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinsiza ukuze kuzuzwe uhlelo lwethu lomnotho oyindilinga. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi ngenxa yokulahlekelwa kwezinto zokupakisha zepulasitiki, umnotho womhlaba wonke ulahlekelwa amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-8-120 ngonyaka - kuphela i-5% yenani lempahla egcinwayo ukuze isetshenziswe.

 
(2) Yehlisa ukuncika ku-SUP

Kuhlelo lwethu lwe-Circular Economy Waste Action Plan, sizimisele ukwehlisa kakhulu inani lezinkomishi ze-SUP neziqukathi zokudla esizisebenzisayo. Sizohlola ezinye izindlela zokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yepulasitiki elahlwayo, njengezinto zokusula, izikhwama zepulasitiki ezinempahla yangasese, nezikhwama zokunandisa ukudla.

Okokuqala esikukhathazayo izinkomishi zekhofi ezingu-22000 ezicutshungulwa njalo ngehora e-Ireland. Lokhu kugwemeka ngokuphelele, njengoba kunezinye izindlela ezingasetshenziswa kabusha futhi abathengi ngabanye bakhetha ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa, okubalulekile esikhathini soguquko sokwenza umyalo.

Sithemba ukukhuthaza abathengi ukuthi benze izinqumo ezifanele ngokusebenzisa lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo:

Ngokufanayo nentela yezikhwama zepulasitiki, izokhokhiswa kuzo zonke izinto ezilahlwayo (kuhlanganise nezinkomishi zekhofi ezivundisiwe/ezibolayo) ngo-2022.

Kusukela ngo-2022, sizozama ukuvimbela ukusetshenziswa kwezinkomishi ezingabalulekile ezilahlwayo (njengokuhlala esitolo sekhofi)

Kusukela ngo-2022, sizophinde siphoqelele abathengisi ukuthi behlise amanani entengo kubathengi abazimisele ukusebenzisa izinkomishi ezisebenziseka kabusha.

Sizokwenza amaphrojekthi okulinga ezindaweni ezikhethiwe namadolobhana, siqede ngokuphelele izinkomishi zekhofi, futhi ekugcineni sifeze ukuvinjelwa okuphelele.

Sekela ifestivali noma abanye abahleli bemicimbi emikhulu ukuthi basuke emikhiqizweni elahlekayo baye emikhiqizweni esebenziseka kabusha ngokusebenzisa amasistimu wokulayisensa noma wokuhlela.

 
(3) Yenza abakhiqizi bazibophezele kakhudlwana

Emnothweni oyisiyingi wangempela, abakhiqizi kufanele babe nesibopho sokusimama kwemikhiqizo abayibeka emakethe. Umthwalo Wemfanelo Owengeziwe Womkhiqizi (EPR) uyindlela yenqubomgomo yezemvelo lapho umthwalo wemfanelo womkhiqizi udlulela esigabeni sokusetshenziswa komjikelezo wempilo womkhiqizo.

E-Ireland, sisebenzise le ndlela ngempumelelo ukuphatha imifudlana eminingi kagesi, okuhlanganisa izinto zikagesi ezilahliwe, amabhethri, izinto zokupakisha, amathayi, namapulasitiki ezolimo.

Ngokusekelwe kule mpumelelo, sizokwethula izixazululo ezintsha ze-EPR zemikhiqizo eminingi ye-SUP:

Imikhiqizo kagwayi equkethe izihlungi zepulasitiki (ngaphambi kukaJanuwari 5, 2023)

Ukusula okumanzi (ngaphambi kukaDisemba 31, 2024)

Ibhaluni (ngaphambi kukaDisemba 31, 2024)

Nakuba kungeyona iphrojekthi ye-SUP ngokobuchwepheshe, sizophinde sethule inqubomgomo eqondise amathuluzi okudoba epulasitiki ngaphambi komhla zingama-31 kuZibandlela wezi-2024 ukuze kuncishiswe imfucuza yepulasitiki yasolwandle.

 
(4) Vimbela ukubeka le mikhiqizo emakethe

Umyalelo uzoqala ukusebenza ngomhla ka-3 Julayi, futhi kusukela ngalolo suku, imikhiqizo elandelayo yepulasitiki elahlwayo izovinjelwa ukuthi ibekwe emakethe yase-Ireland:

·Pipette

·I-Agitator

ipuleti

i-tableware

izinti

Izinkomishi ze-polystyrene neziqukathi zokudla

Iswayi likakotini

Yonke imikhiqizo equkethe amapulasitiki awonakaliswa yi-oxidative (hhayi nje imikhiqizo yepulasitiki elahlwayo)

 
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusukela ngomhlaka-3 Julayi 2024, noma yisiphi isiqukathi sesiphuzo (ibhodlela, ibhokisi lekhadibhodi, njll.) esingeqi amalitha angu-3 sizovinjelwa ukuthi sithengiswe emakethe yase-Ireland.

Kusukela ngoJanuwari 2030, noma imaphi amabhodlela epulasitiki angenawo u-30% wezithako ezigaywa kabusha nawo azovinjelwa ukuthi asetshenziswe.

 
Izindaba ZaseShayina Zaphesheya kwezilwandle:

Kusukela mhla zi-3 kuJulayi, amazwe angamalungu e-EU kuyodingeka avalelise ekusetshenzisweni kwamapulasitiki alahlwayo nabolayo, futhi avumele kuphela ukusetshenziswa kwamapulasitiki agaywa kabusha. I-European Commission inqume ukuthi azikwazi ukufakwa emakethe ye-EU ngoba ikholelwa ukuthi amapulasitiki ayingozi empilweni yasolwandle, izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo kanye nempilo yethu. Ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yepulasitiki elahlwayo kungasiza ukuvikela impilo yomuntu kanye nomhlaba.

Le nqubomgomo ingase ithinte kakhulu izimpilo nomsebenzi wamaShayina kanye nabangane bethu basemgwaqweni.

Ake sibheke ukuthi yiziphi izinto ezizoshintshwa kancane kancane kufakwe ezinye izindlela ezisimeme ngemuva komhla zi-3 kuJulayi:

Isibonelo, ephathini, amabhaluni, izigqoko zamabhodlela ezinomthamo ongekho ngaphezu kwamalitha ama-3, izinkomishi ze-polystyrene foam, i-tableware elahlayo, utshani, namapuleti, imikhiqizo engasetshenziswa kabusha kuphela evunyelwe ukusetshenziswa.

Imboni yokupakisha ukudla nayo izophoqeleka ukuthi iguqule, njengoba ukupakisha ukudla kungasasebenzisi amapulasitiki angaboli futhi kusetshenziswa iphepha kuphela.

Kukhona nama-napkins we-sanitary, tampons, ama-wipes, izikhwama, namaswabhu kakotini. Amathiphu okuhlunga kagwayi nawo azoshintsha, futhi imboni yokudoba izophinde ivimbele ukusetshenziswa kwamathuluzi epulasitiki (ngokusho kweGreenpeace, amathani angu-640000 amanetha okudoba kanye nepulasitiki yamathuluzi alahlwa olwandle minyaka yonke, futhi empeleni, yiwo ayinhloko. abanecala ekucekeleni phansi ulwandle)

Le mikhiqizo izolawulwa ngezindlela ezahlukene, njengokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwayo kanye nabakhiqizi bakhokha 'izimali zokungcola'.

Yiqiniso, izinyathelo ezinjalo ziye zakhanga ukugxekwa nokuphikisana okuvela emazweni amaningi, njengoba lokhu kuhamba kuzoba nomthelela omkhulu emisebenzini ye-160000 nakuyo yonke imboni yepulasitiki e-Italy.

Futhi i-Italy nayo yenza yonke imizamo yokumelana, emahoreni ambalwa edlule, uRoberto Cingolani, uNgqongqoshe Wezoguquko Lwezemvelo, wahlasela: “Incazelo ye-EU yokuvinjelwa kwepulasitiki ixakile kakhulu. Ungasebenzisa kuphela amapulasitiki agaywa kabusha futhi ungakuvumeli ukusetshenziswa kwamapulasitiki abolayo. Izwe lethu lihamba phambili emkhakheni wamapulasitiki abolayo, kodwa ngeke sikwazi ukuwasebenzisa ngoba kunomyalelo ongenangqondo othi 'kungasetshenziswa amapulasitiki agaywa kabusha kuphela'.

Lokhu kungase futhi kuthinte ukuthunyelwa kwezimpahla ezincane ezivela e-China. Ngokuzayo, ukuthekelisa imikhiqizo yepulasitiki emazweni e-EU kungase kube ngaphansi kwemikhawulo nezidingo zezinto ezibonakalayo. I-European Union ibheka ukubaluleka okukhulu ekuvikelweni kwemvelo, yingakho kunamabhishi amaningi adumile, ulwandle oluhle nolucwebile, namahlathi aluhlaza.

Angazi ukuthi wonke umuntu uye waqaphela yini, isibonelo, ukudla okusheshayo okufana ne-McDonald's kushintshe buthule izitsha zepulasitiki nezivalo zenkomishi ngezivalo zephepha nezivalo zotshani. Mhlawumbe ekuqaleni kokuqaliswa kwezinyathelo, abantu bangase bangajwayele, kodwa kancane kancane bazokwamukelwa njengento evamile.

Ukubuyekezwa kwemigomo nezinjongo zenqubomgomo yepulasitiki ye-EU:

Izinguquko ezinkulu ziyeza maduze, kodwa uma sizamukela, singathola izinzuzo zezomnotho, ezemvelo, nezenhlalo, futhi sibeke i-Ireland phambili ekuguquleni umnotho oyindilinga.

 
1. Sungula isistimu evaliwe yokunciphisa ukungeniswa nokuthekelisa kwevolumu yamapulasitiki

Ngaphambilini, indlela evamile yokwelapha amapulasitiki alahlwayo eYurophu kwakuwukuwayisa eChina nakwamanye amazwe ase-Asia, noma amabhizinisi amancane aseNingizimu Melika. Futhi lezi zinkampani ezincane zinamandla alinganiselwe okuphatha ipulasitiki, futhi ekugcineni imfucuza ingashiywa noma igqitshwe ezindaweni zasemaphandleni, okubangela ukungcoliswa okukhulu kwemvelo. Manje, iChina ivale umnyango “wodoti wangaphandle”, oqhuba i-European Union ukuthi iqinise ukwelashwa kwayo kwamapulasitiki.

2. Yakha ingqalasizinda yokucubungula ye-backend yepulasitiki

3. Thuthukisa ukuncishiswa kwepulasitiki emthonjeni futhi ukhuthaze ukugaywa kabusha

Ukuqinisa ukuncishiswa kwepulasitiki emthonjeni kufanele kube isiqondiso esiyinhloko sezinqubomgomo zepulasitiki zesikhathi esizayo. Ukuze kuncishiswe ukukhiqizwa kwemfucuza, kufanele kubekwe kuqala ekuncishisweni kwemithombo nokusebenzisa kabusha, kuyilapho ukugaywa kabusha kufanele kube “olunye uhlelo” kuphela.

4. Thuthukisa ukusebenziseka kabusha komkhiqizo

'Olunye uhlelo' lokugaywa kabusha lusho inqubomgomo yokukhuthaza abakhiqizi ukuthi bathuthukise ukuqina kwemikhiqizo yabo kanye nokubeka ubuncane bokuqukethwe okugaywa kabusha (okungukuthi ingxenye yezinto ezigaywa kabusha eziqukethwe yiplastiki) ukuze kuphenduleke ukusetshenziswa okungenakugwenywa kwepulasitiki. Lapha, 'I-Green Public Procurement' kufanele ibe ngelinye lamazinga abalulekile embonini.

5. Xoxa ngamathuba okukhokhiswa intela yepulasitiki

I-European Union okwamanje idingida ukuthi ingakhokhiswa yini intela yepulasitiki, kodwa ukuthi izinqubomgomo zayo ezithile zizosetshenziswa yini akukaqinisekwa.

 
UMnu. Favoino uphinde wanikeza amanye amazinga e-EU wokugaywa kabusha kwepulasitiki: izinga lokugaywa kabusha kwepulasitiki liyi-15% kuphela, kuyilapho eYurophu lingama-40% -50%.

 
Lokhu kungenxa yohlelo Lwesibopho Esingeziwe Somkhiqizi (EPR) olusungulwe yi-European Union, ngaphansi kwalo abakhiqizi kudingeka bathwale ingxenye yezindleko zokugaywa kabusha. Kodwa-ke, ngisho nangohlelo olunjalo, ama-50% kuphela amaphakheji epulasitiki eYurophu aphinde asetshenziswe. Ngakho-ke, ukugaywa kabusha kwamapulasitiki kusekude ngokwanele.

Uma kungekho zinyathelo ezithathwayo ngokwezitayela zamanje, ukukhiqizwa kwepulasitiki yomhlaba wonke kuzophindeka kabili ngo-2050, futhi isisindo sepulasitiki olwandle sizodlula isisindo sezinhlanzi.

Feel free to discuss with William : williamchan@yitolibrary.com