Yini inkinga ngemihlahlandlela ye-EU SP? ISIVIVINYO? Kusekelwa?

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Yini inkinga ngemihlahlandlela ye-EU SP? ISIVIVINYO? Kusekelwa?

Ukufundwa okuyisisekelo: Ukuphathwa kokungcoliswa kwepulasitiki bekulokhu kuyimpikiswano, futhi kukhona namazwi ahlukile ngaphakathi kwe-Super European Union.

Ngokusho kwe-Article 12 yoMfundisi Wokulahlwa Kwamapulasitiki, iKhomishini YaseYurophu kufanele ikhiphe lo mhlahlandlela ngaphambi kukaJulayi 3, 2021. Ukushicilelwa kwalesi siqondiso kubambezele cishe unyaka, kepha akushintshile noma yimuphi umnqamulajuqu ochaziwe kwinkomba.

 
I-Plastics Discried Recive (EU) 2019/904 yenqabela ngokukhethekile ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo ethile elahlekile elahlekile, kufaka phakathi:

I-Tableware, amapuleti, utshani (ngaphandle kwamadivayisi wezokwelapha), abaxubeki be-Beverage

Ezinye iziqukathi zokudla ezenziwe nge-polystyrere enwetshiwe

Iziqukathi Zobushumeli Nezinkomishi ezenziwe nge-polystyrere enwetshiwe

Nemikhiqizo eyenziwe nge-plastistics ehlakaniphile nenomoya

Isebenza ngoJulayi 3, 2021.

Ingabe amazwe ahlukene amalungu asekela noma aphikise lesi sigagazo? Kusenzima ukufinyelela kuvumelanisi futhi ubonise nemibono ehluke ngokuphelele.

 
I-Italy iphikisana namandla ngoba ukusetshenziswa okuvunyelwe okuvunyelwa kabusha kuyipulasitiki eyenziwe kabusha.

Umyalelo waseYurophu (ama-plastics we-plastics alahlekile) abe nomthelela ekuthuthukisweni komkhakha wepulasitiki wase-Italy futhi ugxekwe yizikhulu eziphezulu zase-Italy zokwenqabela amapulasitiki angathandeki futhi ane-Italy aholele indlela kulokhu.

I-Confinduclia futhi igxeke nemihlahlandlela yesicelo esiphezulu esivunyelwe yi-European Commission, eyanwebeka ukuvinjelwa kwemikhiqizo enokuqukethwe kwepulasitiki ngaphansi kwe-10%.

I-Ireland isekela umyalo we-SUP, inciphise ukuthembeka kumapulasitiki alahlwayo futhi agxile ekusebenzeni kabusha.

I-Ireland inethemba lokuqondisa ubuciko kule nkambu ngezinzuzo zenqubomgomo ezicacile. Lezi yizinyathelo ezithile abazozithatha:

 
(1) Qalisa uhlelo lokubuyiselwa kwemali yediphozithi

I-Encedo Economical Deacy Action Plan ithembisa ukwethula idiphozithi kanye nohlelo lokubuyiselwa kwemali lwamabhodlela epulasitiki kanye ne-aluminium beverage cas by autumn 2022. Impendulo etholwe ngokubonisana nomphakathi ibonisa ukuthi ipulani ngokushesha okukhulu.

Ukubhekana nodaba lwe-SUP akugcini ngokuvimbela imfucuza, kepha futhi kudinga ukucubungula okubanzi kokuguqulwa komnotho oyindilinga, okufanele kubonwe njengenye yezenzo ezibalulekile ezithathwe yizo zonke izingxenye zokubhekana noshintsho lwesimo sezulu.

I-Ireland inethuba elihle lokumukela nokukhuthaza izindlela nezenzo zokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinsiza ukuze kufinyelelwe uhlelo lwezomnotho lwethu esiyindilinga. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi ngenxa yokulahleka kwezinto zokupakisha zepulasitiki, umnotho wembulunga yonke ulahlekelwa ama- $ 8-10 billion minyaka yonke - ama-5% kuphela wenani lezinto ezibonakalayo agcinwa ukuze kusetshenziswe okunye.

 
(2) Yehlisa ukuncika ku-SUP

Ehlelweni lwethu lokungcola kwenzomizo eyindilinga, sizibophezele ekunciphiseni kakhulu inani lezinkomishi ezi-SUP kanye neziqukathi zokudla esizisebenzisayo. Sizohlola izindlela eziningi zokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yepulasitiki elahlekile, njengokusula, izikhwama zepulasitiki eziqukethe izindlu zangasese, nezikhwama zokunambitha ukudla.

Ukukhathazeka kwethu kokuqala yizinkomishi zekhofi ezingama-22000 ezicutshungulwe njalo ngehora e-Ireland. Lokhu kugwemeka ngokuphelele, njengoba kunezinye izindlela ezisebenzisekayo kanye nabathengi abathile abakhethayo ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa, okubalulekile isikhathi sokushintsha kokubulawa komyalo.

Siyethemba ukukhuthaza abathengi ukuthi benze izinqumo ezifanele ngezinyathelo ezilandelayo:

Ifana nentela yesikhwama sepulasitiki, izodonswa kubo bonke (kufaka phakathi izinkomishi zekhofi ezingenakhono / ze-bioderbradable) ngo-2022.

Kusukela ngo-2022, sizozama ukwenqabela ukusetshenziswa kwezinkomishi ezingapheli ezilahliwe (njengokuhlala esitolo sekhofi)

Kusukela ngo-2022, sizophinde saphoqa abathengisi ukuthi banciphise amanani entengo abathengi abazimisele ukusebenzisa izinkomishi ezisebenzisekayo.

Sizoqhuba amaphrojekthi wokushayela ezindaweni ezikhethiwe namadolobhana akhethiwe kanye namadolobhana, aqede ngokuphelele izinkomishi zekhofi, futhi ekugcineni afezeke ukuvinjelwa okuphelele.

Umkhosi wokusekela noma abanye abahleli bemicimbi emikhulu yokusuka emikhiqizweni elahlekile ukuze basebenzise kabusha imikhiqizo ngokusebenzisa amalayisense noma izinhlelo zokuhlela.

 
(3) Yenza abakhiqizi bathembeke kakhulu

Emnothweni wangempela oyindilinga, abakhiqizi kumele babe nesibopho sokuqina kwemikhiqizo abayibeka emakethe. Isibopho Sokukhiqiza Esinwetshiwe (i-EPR) yindlela yenqubomgomo yezemvelo lapho umthwalo wephrojekthi lapho kufinyelela khona esiteji sokusetshenziswa kwesilinganiso somkhiqizo.

E-Ireland, sisebenzise ngempumelelo le ndlela ukuphatha imifudlana eminingi yokungcola, kufaka phakathi imishini kagesi elahliwe, amabhethri, ukupakisha, amathayi, namathayela ezolimo.

Ngokusekelwe kule mpumelelo, sizokwethula izixazululo ezintsha ze-EPR zemikhiqizo eminingi evimbayo:

Imikhiqizo kagwayi equkethe izihlungi zepulasitiki (ngaphambi kukaJanuwari 5, 2023)

I-Wet Wipes (ngaphambi kukaDisemba 31, 2024)

Ibhaluni (ngaphambi kukaDisemba 31, 2024)

Yize kungeyona iphrojekthi yePhanethi, sizophinde sikwazise inqubomgomo ebhekiswe kuyo amagiya okudoba ngeplastiki ngaphambi kukaDisemba 31, 2024 ukunciphisa imfucuza yepulasitiki yasemanzini.

 
(4) kwenqabela ukubeka le mikhiqizo emakethe

Umyalelo uzoqala ukusebenza ngoJulayi 3, futhi kusukela ngalolo suku, imikhiqizo yepulasitiki elandelayo izokwenqatshelwa ekubekweni emakethe yase-Ireland:

· PIPETTE

· Aagitator

ipuleti

ilakane

izinti adla ngazo amaShiyina

Izindebe zePolystyrene neziqukathi zokudla

Ukotini swab

Yonke imikhiqizo equkethe i-oxidative plastistics engonakaliso (hhayi nje imikhiqizo yepulasitiki elahlekile)

 
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusukela ngoJulayi 3, 2024, noma yisiphi isitsha sokuphuza isiphuzo (ibhodlela, ibhokisi lekhadi, njll.) Lokho akwedluli amalitha ama-3 kuzokwenqatshelwa ekuthengisweni emakethe yase-Ireland.

Kusukela ngoJanuwari 2030, noma yimaphi amabhodlela epulasitiki angenayo aqukethe izithako eziphindaphindwayo ezingama-30% nazo zizovinjelwa ekusetshenzisweni.

 
I-Overseas Chinese News:

Kusukela ngoJulayi 3, izifundazwe ezingamalungu e-EU kuzodingeka ukuthi zivale ukuvalelisa ekusetshenzisweni kwamapulasitiki angenayo futhi ane-biodegradable, futhi avumele kuphela ukusetshenziswa kwamapulasitiki asetshenziswa kabusha. I-European Commission ikhiphe isinqumo sokuthi ngeke ibekwe emakethe ye-EU ngoba ikholelwa ukuthi amapulasitiki alimaza impilo yasolwandle, ukuhlukahluka kwezinto eziphilayo kanye nempilo yethu. Ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yepulasitiki elahlekile kungasiza ukuvikela impilo yomuntu nasemhlabeni.

Le nqubomgomo ingathinta kakhulu izimpilo kanye nomsebenzi wabangane bethu baseChina nabaseStreet.

Ake sibheke ukuthi yiziphi izinto ezizothathelwa indawo kancane kancane ngezindlela ezizinzile ngemuva kukaJulayi 3RD:

Isibonelo, ephathini, amabhaluni, amakhethini ebhodleleni anomthamo ongabi ngaphezu kwamalitha ama-3, ama-polystyrere Foam izinkomishi, i-tabletare elahlwayo, amapulethi, namapuleti kuphela, imikhiqizo kuphela evunyelwe ukuthi isetshenziswe.

Imboni yokupakisha yokudla nayo izophoqelelwa ukuthi iguqulwe, ngokupakishwa kokudla akusasebenzi kusetshenziswa amapulasitiki angathandeki futhi kusetshenziswa iphepha kuphela.

Kukhona futhi ama-napkins ahlanzekile, ama-tampon, ama-wipe, izikhwama kanye nama-swabs kakotini. Izeluleko zokuhlunga zikagwayi nazo zizoshintsha, futhi imboni yokudoba izophinde ivimbele ukusetshenziswa kwamathuluzi epulasitiki (ngokusho kwe-Greenpeace, amathani amanethi okudoba alahliwe olwandle minyaka yonke, futhi eqinisweni, anawona asolwa kahle ekubhubhiseni ulwandle)

Le mikhiqizo izolawulwa ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene, njengokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwazo kanye nabakhiqizi bakhokha 'imali yokungcola'.

Vele, izinyathelo ezinjalo ziye zaheha ukugxekwa kanye nempikiswano evela emazweni amaningi, njengoba lokhu kuhamba nakho kuzoba nomthelela omkhulu emisebenzini eyi-160000 nalo lonke imboni yepulasitiki e-Italy.

Futhi i-Italy yenza yonke imizamo ukumelana, emahoreni ambalwa edlule, uRoberto Cingolani, uNgqongqoshe Wezemvelo, wahlasela: "Ukuchazwa kwe-EU ukuvinjelwa kwepulasitiki kuyamangaza kakhulu. Ungasebenzisa kuphela amapulasitiki asetshenziswa kabusha futhi ungavumeli ukusetshenziswa kwamapulasitiki angathandeki. Izwe lethu liholela emkhakheni we-biodegradable plastistics, kepha asinakuzisebenzisa ngoba kunomcimbi ohlekisayo othi 'kuphela amapulasitiki asetshenziswa kabusha angasetshenziswa'.

Lokhu kungathinta nokuthumela ngaphandle kwezimpahla ezincane ezivela eChina. Ngokuzayo, ukuthumela imikhiqizo yepulasitiki emazweni e-EU kungahle kube ngaphansi kwemikhawulo nezidingo ezibonakalayo. I-European Union inamathela ngokubaluleka okukhulu ekuvikelweni kwemvelo, yingakho kunamabhishi amaningi adumile, amahle nezilwandle, namahlathi axakile.

Angazi ukuthi wonke umuntu ubonile, ngokwesibonelo, ukudla okusheshayo okufana neMcDonald's kuthathe indawo yabuthulula yepulasitiki kanye namabhomu wenkomishi ngamabhodlela amaphepha namabhodlela alotshani. Mhlawumbe ekuqaleni kwezigaba zokuqaliswa kwezinyathelo, abantu kungenzeka bangabe bajwayele, kodwa kancane kancane bayokwamukelwa njengokujwayelekile.

Ukubuyekezwa kwezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu zenqubomgomo yenqubomgomo ye-EU nezinhloso:

Izinguquko ezinkulu ziyeza maduze, kepha uma sizamukela, singathola izinzuzo zezomnotho, ezemvelo kanye nezenhlalo, bese sibeka i-Ireland ekuqaleni kwenguquko yezomnotho eziyindilinga.

 
1. Sungula uhlelo oluvaliwe lokuvula ukunciphisa ukungenisa kanye nokuthumela ivolumu yepulasitiki

Phambilini, indlela ejwayelekile yokwelashwa yamapulasitiki engcolile eYurophu kwakuwukuthutha eChina namanye amazwe ama-Asia, noma amabhizinisi amancane aseNingizimu Melika. Futhi lawa mabhizinisi amancane anomthamo olinganiselwe kakhulu wokuphatha ipulasitiki, futhi ekugcineni imfucumfucu ingalahlwa kuphela noma angcwatshwe ezindaweni zasemakhaya, okwenza ukungcoliswa okukhulu kwemvelo. Manje, iChina ivale umnyango wokuthi "imfucuza yakwamanye amazwe", eshayela i-European Union ukuze iqinise ukuphathwa kwayo kwamapulasitiki.

2. Yakha ingqalasizinda yepulasitiki esetshenzisiwe

3. Thuthukisa ukuncishiswa kwepulasitiki emthonjeni futhi kuthuthukiswe kabusha

Ukuqinisa ukwehliswa kwepulasitiki emthonjeni kufanele kube yisiqondisi esikhulu sezinqubomgomo zepulasitiki ezizayo. Ukunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwemfucuza, okubaluleke kakhulu kufanele kunikezwe ukuncishiswa komthombo futhi kusetshenziswe kabusha, ngenkathi ukuphinda usebenzise kabusha kufanele kube "nohlelo olunye".

4. Thuthukisa Ukuvuselelwa Komkhiqizo

I- 'Enyeltative Plan' of Recycling ibhekisela kwinqubomgomo yokukhuthaza abakhiqizi ukuthi bathuthukise ukuqina kwemikhiqizo yabo futhi babeke okuqukethwe okuvuselelwa kabusha (okusho isilinganiso sezinto zokuphindaphindeka (okusho ingxenye yezinto ezisetshenziswayo ezisetshenziswayo lapho kusetshenziswa khona ipulasitiki. Lapha, 'Ukuthengwa komphakathi okuluhlaza' kufanele kube ngomunye wamazinga abalulekile embonini.

5. Xoxa ngokuthi kungenzeka ukukhokhisa intela yepulasitiki

I-European Union njengamanje iyaxoxa ukuthi ingakhokhi intela yepulasitiki, kodwa ukuthi izinqubomgomo zayo ezithile zizosetshenziswa namanje akuqinisekile.

 
UMnu Favoino uphinde wanikeza amanani entengo e-EU Plastic Recycling: isilinganiso sokuvuselelwa kabusha kwe-Global Plastic Recycling singama-15% kuphela, ngenkathi eseYurophu kungama-40% -50%.

 
Lokhu kubonga ohlelweni olunwetshiwe lomkhiqizi wesibopho (i-EPR) olusungulwe yi-European Union, lapho abakhiqizi kudingeka bathwale ingxenye yezindleko zokuphindaphindeka. Kodwa-ke, ngisho nangohlelo olunjalo, yi-50% kuphela yokupakisha yepulasitiki eYurophu yenziwa kabusha. Ngakho-ke, ukuphinda kwenziwe kabusha kwamapulasitiki akukwanele.

Uma kungekho zinyathelo ezithathwa ngokuya ngezindlela zamanje, ukukhiqizwa kwepulasitiki emhlabeni jikelele kuzophinda kabili ngo-2050, futhi isisindo sepulasitiki olwandle sizodlula isisindo senhlanzi.

Feel free to discuss with William : williamchan@yitolibrary.com