Labo abathanda ukubhema ugwayi kumele bajwayele ukupakishwa kwe-cellophane yokuqala.Ngaphandle kwama-cigars aseCuban ngaphambi kuka-1992, ayengenalo iphepha lokupakisha, ama-cigar amaningi namuhla ahlanganiswe ezintweni zokupakisha ezibonakalayo.Kodwa yini ngempela i-cellophane futhi kungani ithandwa kangaka?
Ngo-1910, usokhemisi waseSwitzerland uJacques Brandenberger waphayona i-cellophane ehlangabezana nezindinganiso zokuphepha kokudla futhi yazuza idumela elikhulu embonini yokupakisha yamaswidi nemikhiqizo kagwayi.Ukufakwa kokuqala kwe-cellophane cigar kwazalelwa eTampa, eFlorida ngo-1927, namanye amazwe alandela ngokushesha.E-Cuba, kuze kube ngama-1990s, izinto eziningi zokupakisha zikagwayi lapho zazenziwe nge-cellophane.Ukwehla kwe-cellophane namuhla kungenxa yezindleko zayo eziphakeme zokukhiqiza kanye nokutholakala kwezinto zokwenziwa ezenziwe ngamafutha amaminerali, kodwa ukugcinwa kwekhwalithi yayo kuyisinqumo sokuqala sokupakishwa kwe-cigar.
Iphepha elicwebezelayo elimelana nezinga lokushisa eliphakeme seliphenduke isizukulwane esisha sezinto zobuciko zobuciko, okubangela isivunguvungu sokupheka "kwephepha elicwebezelisiwe" embonini yezokudla yaseYurophu!Iphepha elicwebezelisiwe elikhanyayo ngokuphelele lingabona ngokuqondile izinguquko ohlelweni lokupheka lokudla, livumela umpheki ukuthi alungise isikhathi nezinga lokushisa ngesikhathi esifanele, agcine umsoco kanye nokunambitheka kokudla, kuyilapho futhi ehlinzeka abadlayo ngesipiliyoni esibonakalayo esiqabulayo!
Bilisa iphepha elicwebezelisiwe ekushiseni okuphezulu!Umpheki usebenzisa iphepha lokupheka le-Italian Carta Fata premium elikwazi ukumelana nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu elingu-230 ° C futhi lingaphekwa kusetshenziswa izindlela ezihlukahlukene.Izithako ezintsha ezinjengama-lobster nezinkalankala zigoqwa ukuze kuphekwe ukudla okunempilo, kuyilapho kugcinwa ukusha nokondleka kwezithako.Lena indlela yokupheka entsha engeke iphuthelwe.
I-Cellophane, eyaziwa nangokuthi ifilimu ye-cellophane, ifilimu elincanyana elenziwe ngendlela yokunamathisela isebenzisa imicu yemvelo efana ne-pulp kakotini kanye ne-wood pulp njengezinto zokusetshenziswa.Isobala, ayinabo ubuthi, futhi ayinaphunga.
Iketanga lamangqamuzana linokungena okumangalisayo kwe-micro, okuvumela umkhiqizo ukuba uphefumule njengeqanda ngokusebenzisa ama-micropores egobolondweni leqanda, okuzuzisa kakhulu ukulondolozwa nokusebenza komkhiqizo;Ukumelana okuqinile nezinyibilikisi ezinamafutha, i-alkaline, ne-organic;Ayikhiqizi ugesi omile futhi ayizimunceli yona ngokwayo uthuli;Yenziwe ngemicu yemvelo, ingamunca amanzi kudoti futhi ibole ngaphandle kokubangela ukungcoliswa kwemvelo.Isetshenziswa kakhulu njengephepha lelineni lezimpahla kanye nephepha lokupakisha lokuhlobisa.Ukuba sobala kwayo kwenza ingaphakathi lomkhiqizo licace lapho uthi nhlá, futhi unezici ezifana nokumelana nomswakama, ukungangenisi, ukuphefumula, nokuvalwa kokushisa, okunikeza isivikelo esihle somkhiqizo.Uma iqhathaniswa nefilimu yepulasitiki evamile, inezinzuzo ezinjengokungabikho kukagesi omile, ukuvimbela uthuli, nokusebenza okuhle kokusonta.Iphepha lengilazi lingaba mhlophe, libe nemibala, njll. Ingasetshenziswa njengolwelwesi olungena kancane.
I-Cellophane i-cellulose evuselelwe, futhi kukhona ukuphefumula okumangalisayo phakathi kwamaqembu ayo amangqamuzana, okuzuzisa kakhulu ukugcinwa kwempahla.Ayikwazi ukumelana nomlilo kodwa imelana nokushisa, futhi ingamelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu angu-190 ℃ ngaphandle kokuguquka.Ingasetshenziselwa ukupakisha ukudla ekubulaleni amagciwane ezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nokudla.Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba impahla eluhlaza ye-cellophane ivela emvelweni, inokubola okuqinile
Eyaziwa nangokuthi i-cellulite.Ifilimu ye-cellulose evuselelwe enokucaca okuphezulu nokucwebezela.Kukhona iphepha eliyisicaba kanye nephepha lewebhu.Ubuningi 30-60g/㎡.Ayinambala, ingaphinde idayiwe ngemibala ehlukahlukene.Iphepha lithambile, lisobala futhi libushelelezi, alinazimbobo, liyaphefumula, alikwazi ukumelana nowoyela namanzi.Ukuqina okumaphakathi.Inamandla amahle okuqina, ukucwebezela, nokuphrinta.Indlela yokukhiqiza ihlukile ekwenzeni iphepha futhi ifana nenqubo kasilika wokwenziwa.sebenzisa i-α- I-Refined chemical wood pulp noma i-cotton linter encibilikisiwe enokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-cellulose isetshenziswa njengezinto zokusetshenziswa ukulungisa i-alkaline cellulose ngokusebenzisa i-alkalization (18% sodium hydroxide), ukucindezela, ukuchoboza, nezinye izinqubo.Ngemuva kokuguga, i-carbon disulfide yengezwa ku-cellulose xanthate ephuzi, encibilika kusisombululo se-sodium hydroxide ukuze kukhiqizwe i-adhesive cellulose ewolintshi.I-adhesive ivuthwa ekushiseni kuka-20-30 ℃, ihlungwe ukuze isuse ukungcola namabhamuza, bese ikhishwa ngegebe elincane emshinini wokudonsa ifilimu.Igelezela kubhavu wokuhlanganisa we-sulfuric acid ne-sodium sulfate ingxube ukwenza ifilimu elincanyana (ifilimu ye-cellulose evuselelwe), bese igezwa, ikhishwe nge-sulfurized, bleached, desalinated, futhi yenziwe ngepulasitiki (glycerol ne-ethylene glycol, njll.), futhi ekugcineni yomiswe. ukukhiqiza.Isetshenziselwa ukupakisha izimpahla ezifana nezidakamizwa, ukudla, usikilidi, izindwangu, izimonyo, amathuluzi anembayo, njll.
Ukushintsha kokungezwani kwephepha lengilazi kuthinta ukunwetshwa kwefilimu ngesikhathi sokuphrinta.Ngaphakathi kwebanga elivumelekile lamandla, ukunwetshwa kuyanda ngokunyuka kwengcindezi, okwenza kube nzima ukufeza ukunemba kokuphrinta kombala.Ukungezwani kungalungiswa ngokusekelwe ohlotsheni lwe-substrate material kanye nobude bayo.Isibonelo, uma ukunwetshwa kwefilimu ye-PE kukukhulu, inani lokucindezela kufanele libe lincane;Ephepheni, i-PET, i-OPP, namanye amafilimu epulasitiki anamazinga aphansi okunwetshwa, ukungezwani kunganyuswa ngokufanelekile.Ingaphezulu libushelelezi futhi alinawo ama-pores, futhi ungqimba lukayinki alulungiseki kalula noma aluqiniseki ngokuqinile.Ngemva kokuba ukuphrinta kombala kokuqala kuqediwe, kulula ukuvaleleka uyinki embotsheni elandelayo yombala, okubangela amaphethini angaphelele kanye nombhalo, okuholela ekulimaleni;
Ngemva kokupakisha izinto ngayo, ingavimbela ukugqwala, umswakama nokungcola.Kodwa i-cellophane nayo inezihibe: amandla aphezulu e-longitudinal, amandla aphansi aguquguqukayo, amandla abuthakathaka okudabula, ngisho nokuqhekeka okuncane kungaphuka kalula.Iphepha lengilazi nalo line-hydrophilicity, ngakho lingakwazi ukumunca amanzi.Uma kuziwa emanzini, kuvame ukunamathela, futhi uma kuziwa ekushiseni, amakhasi ephepha ahlanganiswe kalula abe amabhulokhi.Izici ze-cellophane ziphezulu obala, ukucwebezela okuqinile, nombala ogqamile ikakhulukazi ngemva kokunyathelisa izithombe nemibhalo, engenakufinyelelwa ngamafilimu epulasitiki;Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo zokuphrinta okuhle, ngaphandle kwanoma yikuphi ukwelashwa ngaphambi kokuphrinta, kanye nephepha lengilazi libuye libe nokusebenza kokwelapha okuphikisayo, okungelula ukukhanga uthuli nokugwema amaphutha wokuphrinta njengokunamathela kwesithombe nokunamathela kombhalo.Kodwa-ke, ukumelana nomswakama wayo akulungile, futhi ifilimu ijwayele ukuguquguquka ngenxa yokushisa nomswakama, okuholela ekubhaliseni kanzima kwezithombe nombhalo ngesikhathi sokunyathelisa.
Ushokoledi oyisikwele kuphela emhlabeni usuzelwe ngokusemthethweni.UClara Ritter uhlongoze ukukhiqiza uhlobo lukashokoledi olungafakwa ejazini lezemidlalo ngaphandle kokunciphisa isisindo.Lesi siphakamiso sathola ukuqashelwa ngokushesha emndenini.Lolu hlobo lukashokoledi luqanjwe ngokuthi “I-Rhett's Sports Chocolate” ngoba ingena kahle ezimpahleni zemidlalo zabesilisa.
Ngo-1939, izibhelu eWaldenburg.
Phakathi neMpi Yezwe II, izinga lokukhiqizwa kukashokoledi lancipha kancane kancane futhi layeka ukukhiqizwa ngo-1940.
Ngo-1946, babuya!
Imboni kashokholethi ka-Alfred Ritter iyaqhubeka nokukhiqiza amaswidi ahlukahlukene angewona ukhokho.
Ngo-1960, anqobe izikwele ezincane zaseNingizimu Jalimane.
U-Alfred Otto Ritter usenqume ukugxila ebhizinisini lale nkampani kumakhiyubhu kashokoledi.Eminye imikhiqizo eminingi efana noswidi weholide, amabhlogo amade kashokholethi, noshokoledi abalingiswa abangenalutho iyayekwa kancane kancane.Futhi wasungula ngempumelelo uhlobo lwe-Ritter Sport.Ngaleso sikhathi, ushokoledi omusha oyisikwele wawugoqwe ngephepha le-cellophane elinemibala kashokoledi, nelogo ye-Ritter Sport ephawulwe ngokugqamile.
Ngo-1970, amadayimane amancane asakazwa kulo lonke elaseJalimane.
Lo nyaka ubalulekile kuleli bhizinisi lomndeni, njengoba selidume kuwo wonke umphakathi waseJalimane.I-Ritter Sport iletha ushokoledi onephunga elimnandi weyogathi - ushokoledi wokuqala eJalimane oqukethe iyogathi.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izikhangiso zethelevishini ezazisakazwa ezweni lonke zazingakaze zibe khona eJalimane ngaleso sikhathi.Lesi sikhangiso sesimanjemanje, esijabulisayo, futhi esiyingqayizivele, kanye nesiqubulo esithi 'Ushokoledi Ophelele uyisikwele', sigcizelela ukuhluka kwe-Ritter Sport.
1) I-Cellophane
I-Cellophane iyifilimu ye-cellulose ekhanye kakhulu futhi ecwebezelayo, eyayaziwa ngokuthi i-cellophane, okuwukuhumusha kwe-English cellophane.Kuwuhlobo lwephepha elisetshenziselwa ukupakisha izimpahla, okuyingxenye yephepha lokupakisha.Sicela uqaphele ukuthi kukhona negama elibizwa ngokuthi i-celluloid, okungelona iphepha, kodwa ipulasitiki ye-nitrocellulose (impahla eluhlaza yokwenza amabhola e-table tennis).I-Celluloid inguqulo yesiNgisi ye-celluloid.Ungaphambanisi okubili.
Ubuningi be-cellophane ngokuvamile bungama-30-60g/m2.Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zephepha: iphepha eliyisicaba kanye nephepha lewebhu.Ngokuvamile ishidi elincanyana elingenambala, elisobala, nelibushelelezi, elingenazimbobo, elingaphefumuli, alingeneli uwoyela, futhi alingeneli amanzi;Ukuba nezinga elithile lokuqina;Inamandla amahle okuqina, ukucwebezela, nokuphrinta.Kungabuye kudaywe ngemibala ehlukahlukene (obomvu, ophuzi, njll.).
I-Cellophane i-cellulose evuselelwe kabusha, futhi izikhala phakathi kwamaqembu ayo amangqamuzana anokuphefumula okumangalisayo, okuzuzisa ukuvikela nokugcinwa kwempahla.Ayikwazi ukumelana nomlilo, kodwa imelana nokushisa futhi ingamelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu angu-190 ℃ ngaphandle kokuguqulwa.Ingasetshenziselwa ukupakisha ukudla ekubulaleni amagciwane ezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nokudla.Ngenxa yemvelaphi yayo yemvelo, i-cellophane inokubola okuqinile kanye nomthelela omncane emvelweni.
Iphepha lengilazi elisetshenziswe α- I-pulp yokhuni yamakhemikhali acwengekile noma i-linter kakotini encibilikisiwe enokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-cellulose isetshenziswa njengezinto ezingavuthiwe, futhi i-alkali cellulose ilungiswa nge-alkalization (18% sodium hydroxide), ukucindezela, ukuchotshozwa, nezinye izinqubo.Ngemuva kokuguga, i-carbon disulfide yengezwa ukuze iphuzi ibe yi-cellulose xanthate, echithwa kusisombululo se-sodium hydroxide ukuze kukhiqizwe ingcina ye-cellulose ewolintshi.I-adhesive ivuthwa ekushiseni kuka-20-30 ℃, ihlungwe ukuze isuse ukungcola namabhamuza, bese ikhishwa ngegebe elincane emshinini wokudonsa ifilimu.Igelezela kubhavu wokuhlanganisa we-sulfuric acid ne-sodium sulfate ingxube ukwenza ifilimu elincanyana (ifilimu ye-cellulose evuselelwe), bese igezwa, ikhishwe nge-sulfurized, bleached, desalinated, futhi yenziwe ngepulasitiki (glycerol ne-ethylene glycol, njll.), futhi ekugcineni yomiswe. ukukhiqiza.
2) Iphepha le-fiber yengilazi
Iphepha le-Glass fibre liyiphepha lezimboni elivame ukusetshenziswa njengezinto zokuhlunga, izinto ezimunca umsindo, izinto ezifaka ugesi, izinto ezifakwa ugesi, njll. Liyiphepha elenziwe ngemicu yengilazi enobubanzi obuncane, elinolaka oluphakeme, ukumelana kakhulu nama-ejenti amakhemikhali. , kanye nokuzinza okuhle kwe-dimensional.
Lolu hlobo lwephepha lunomehluko othile ekwenziweni kwephepha okuvamile, njengoba lisebenzisa u-100% we-glass fiber (ikakhulukazi eyakhiwe nge-silica, enobubanzi obuyi-0.3-0.5) μ Lenziwa ngokushaya kancane, ukwengeza ingcina, noma ukwengeza i-pulp yezinkuni zamakhemikhali. emshinini omude wephepha lewebhu noma emshinini oyindilinga wephepha lewebhu.Ungakwazi futhi ukwengeza i-silicone noma i-alumina ye-colloidal ukuze uthuthukise amandla ephepha.
Inqubo yokukhiqizwa kwephepha le-glass fiber (noma iphepha le-glass fibre air filter) lilula uma liqhathaniswa nenqubo evamile yokwenza iphepha.Ngoba i-fiberglass ayidingi ukushaywa, idinga ukuhlakazwa kuphela.Futhi asikho isidingo sokucindezela lapho wenza amakhophi.Izinqubo ezincishisiwe namandla alondoloziwe.
Ukugeleza kwenqubo kungokulandelayo: i-fiberglass → i-dispersion → ithange lokugcina elinodaka → iphampu enodaka → ithange lokuxuba langaphambili → ibhokisi lokuxuba → ithreyi yegridi → ithange elikhipha udaka → iphampu enodaka → ibhokisi lokuzinzisa → ibhokisi lokugeleza → ingxenye yemeshi → igumbi lokomisa → ukugoqa → ukusika kanye nokupakisha
Cellophane fim is EN13432 industry compostable and OK home compostable , feel free to discuss via williamchan@yitolibrary.com
I-Cellophane Film - HuiZhou YITO Packaging Co., Ltd.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-22-2023